Vernacular Architecture Forum

Mining Metropolis: An Island in a Stockman's Paradise
Under Montana's Big Sky
June 10-13, 2009

  Today is
 
 
Cornice of Dumas Brothel

              BUTTE            
A third of the world's copper
in 1910
Gibraltar of Unionism
Richest Hill On Earth
13 urban headframes
Deadliest metal mine disaster
Berkeley Pit
America's #2 red-light district

            ANACONDA            
Tallest smokestack
BA&P Railroad
Smelter City
Goosetown District

Anselmo headframe at sunset

Join us for the 30th annual VAF Conference

Guidebook PDFs
now available

Schedule Booklet with Abstracts now available
With more than 6,000 contributing properties, the Butte-Anaconda National Historic Landmark District is the largest in the nation. Explore the juxtaposition of heavy industry with multi-ethnic residential neighborhoods in Butte, where the "no smoking" signs in the mines were in 14 languages. A peak population estimated at as much as 100,000 (1917) made this an anomalous urban center in the midst of the cowboy west, as well as the biggest wide-open town (think brothels and speakeasys) in the longest sustained mining boom in U.S. history.

Class distinction was clear-cut, but blurred on streetscapes where tiny miner's cottages share a block with residential hotels and fanciful Queen Anne mansions. The ultimately vernacular 1890s "Cabbage Patch" shanty town is just a few blocks from a prestigious 1906 skyscraper designed by Cass Gilbert.

A field trip will complete the industrial scene, connecting Anaconda's smelters (and smeltermen's homes) to the mines of Butte. The excursions will also explore the ranching and hinterland mining communities of Southwest Montana, including Philipsburg, Pony, and Virginia City, where agricultural and early industrial landscapes cross paths in what are now nearly ghost towns.

Finntown, Butte
Goosetown, Anaconda
Miners Union Hall, Granite
Two-story outhouse, Nevada City
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June 10-13, 2009